Gasoline engine



Oct. 30, 1928.

H. L. ADAMS GASOLINE ENGINE Filed May 21, 1927 2 Sheets-Sheet l H. L. ADAMS GASOLIv NE ENGLNE oct. 3o, 192s. 1,689,576

Filed may 21, 1927 2 sheets-sheet. 2

wiwi@ 4 Patented Oct. 30, 192,8.

PATENT OFFICE.

HARRY LEE ADAMS, E ELVINS, MISSOURI.

GASoLIivE ENGINE.

Application -ledllfay l21,

VVitlipthe above an l otherobje'cts in vieiv which vvill appear as the description proceeds,

the invention reSid/esin the combination `and arrangement oi parts and in the details of construction hereinaiter described and claimed, it being'y understood that changes in` the precise embodiment ci the invention herein disclosed, may be made ywithin the Scope of what is claimed, Without departing from the spirit of the invention.

ln'the drawings :*V Y .y p

Figure 1 Shows in longitudinalvsection, a device constri'icted in accordance Withfthe inventio'n, the cutting plane passing through the exhaust port.; *A u l ,y

Figure ,2 is a longitudinal section taken through the intake port;

Figure 8 is an elevation of the piston; l

Figure et is an elevation of the port plate that iS mounted in the piston; l

Figure 5. Shows the cylinder surface developed; Y

Figure 6 is a section on'the line 6 6 of Figure I Figure 7 is a view resembling Figure 5, but showing a Inodilication.

VThe crank case 1 of theengine carries a Water jacketed cylinder 2 upon which is detachably secured a Water jacketed head 3A having a hollovT extension 4'v'vhich projects into the cylinder 2, the extension being spaced from the inner surface ofthecylinder 2, as shown at 5 in. Figure 1. The base of the extension' 4 carries a spark plug 6 or other firing means.

The cylinder 2 hasanexhaust port 7 coi`nmunicating with an inclined groove 8 in the inner Surface of the cylinder. The cylinder 1927. serieu lib. 193,338.

2 `has an intake port 9 communicating with aninclined groove in the inner Wall of the cylinder.. iThe ports 7 and 9 are spacedapart circuinierentially of the cylinder7 and longitudinally ofthe cylinder, as Figure 5 Will show, the port 7 being located at oneV end of thegi'oove 8, 'and theport `9 being located at the opposite end of the groovew10. The grooves 8 and'l() are disposed atan angle to each other', andv they incline circumferentially of the cylinder, asseen inFigure 5.

rl`he grooves 8 and 10 are located between Shallow V-Shaped groovesl 16 in the cylinder ivall. `The grooves 16" communicating at their lowerends with. passages 17 extending downwardly in tlie cylinder` Wall to any suitable means 170 ivhereby the oilcollected in the 'grooves 16 is returned to the .crank case. The object of the grooves 16 is to keep surplus oil from Working into the `grooi'fes 8 and 10, and, consequently, into the intake port 9 and the exhaust port7.`

The inner surface of the cylinder 2i's Supplied With ay circumferential Zig-Zag guide groove 11 delining rst angles 12,'the Vguide groove "having enlargements 14 `forming second langles 15 lwhich are out of `alineinent with the angles 12, longitudinally oi". the cylinder, there being `an enlargement, and the angles specilied', at each end of each branch of the Zig-Zag guide groove. `The pistonl 18 isof tubular 'form and Slides on the extension 1 ,of the head 8, within'the cylinder 2. The piston 18 is provided witha'n intern'iediate partition v19, carry-ing a boss 2O on Which is removably held a ball. 21 atA .the end ot' a pitman 22 which is connectedto `the crank 28 of the engine shaft, the construction being such that .vhen the piston 18 recipro cates,yit can rotate on the pitman 22. A packing ring 24 on the part of the cylindcrhead ,3 makes a-tight joint with the piston 18, as the piston ifecipro'cates. The piston 18 is.. provided ivithlateral proljections 25 which move in the Zig-Zag guide groove 11 Vof the cylinder 2, to impart rotation to the pist0n,las it reciprocates.l There is.agpolygonalv opening 26 in thepiston 18 which communicates With arsmaller circular opening 27 in the piston. A port plate 28 is provided and is shaped to fit closely in the opening 26 of the piston, the port plate having an extension 29 of circular form, to fit port communicating' with thefchamber 31 which exists in the piston 18, between the partition 19 and the base of the member t of the cylinder head 3. rlhe port has a straight lower edge 800.

lVhen the piston 18 reciprocates, the projection 25 on the piston 18 moves in the ,zigzag guide groove 11 of the cylinder 2,' and cause the piston 18 to rotate, thereby bringing the port 30 of the piston 18 into communication with the intake groove 9 and the exhaust groove 8, in properly timed rclation, so that the fuel may be admitted to the chamber 30 and the exhaust be ejected therefrom. rIhe compression in the chamber .3,1 holds the 'port plate 8O of the piston 18 in intimate contact with the inner wall of the cylinder 2, owing to the fact that the body port-ion of the plate forms, in substance, a flange that projects beyond the periphery of the part 29, as shownin Figure 4. Because the angles 12 and 15 ofthe guide groove 11 are out of' alinement, longitudinally of the cylinder, the projections 25 will not be received in t-he wrong part of the guide.

'groove ll'and bring about a reverse rotation of the piston 18, when the right-line sliding movement of the piston is reversed.

positivemeans for' preventing accidental reverse rotation of the piston 18, spring pawls 32 may be located inthe parts of the guide groove l1, as shown in Figure 7, each spring pawl being secured at one end, as at 38, to the cylinder. In this form ofthe invention, the ends of the projections 25 of the piston can ride over the free ends of the spring pawls 32 when the projections move. in the direction of the arrow A in Figure 7: but the free ends of the spring pawls 32 will engage the projections 25 and stop the movement of the projections 25 in the direction of the arrow B in Figure 7, a reverse rotation of the piston thus being positively prevented.

Attenton is directed to the fact that the lower edge of the piston port 30 is straight, as shown at SOO, the edge 300 being flush with the upper surface of the partition 19 in the piston 18.` It is to be recalled that as the piston 18 reciprocates, it rotates,'as well, and because the lower edge 300 of the port 30 is flush with the upper surface of the partition 19 the piston will tend to free itself of surplus oil, by centrifugal action: that is, oil which might otherwise accumulate inA the piston, will be whirled ofi' the upper surface of the partition 19, through the port 30, into `the exhaust port 7.

The engine described and claimed is of In thc. eventthat some person should demand a the four-cycle type. On the exhaust stroke, the piston 18 moves upwardly and the port 30 in the piston comes into communication with the exhaust port 7. The piston makes a` quarter turn, moving downwardly on the intake stroke, the port 30 coming into kconimunication with the intake port 9. rllhe piston moves upwardly on a compression stroke, making a quarter turn, the port 30 in the piston being vin communication with neither of the ports 7 and 9: and, to complete the cycle, the piston 18 moves downwardly on the power stroke and makes a quarter turn, bthe Vport SOinthe piston being in communication with neither of the ports 7 and 9.k

The general construction lof this rotary piston engine is such that it does away with many moving parts; cams, countershafts, and valve shafts, being dispensed with, and

there being no valves to set or grind, and no valve springs to break or wear out.

Vhat is claimed is 1- 1.V In an internalcombustion engine, a cylinder, a piston mounted to reciprocate and to rotate in the cylinder, the piston having a partition' intermediate its ends, and there being a port in the side wall of the piston, the cylinder having intake andV exhaust ports, and interengaging elements on -the piston and on the cylinder, said elements cooperating to rotate the piston and to bring the port of the piston into communication with the intake 'and exhaust ports at diiferent times,-

one edge of the port in the piston lbeing iiush with the transverse surface of the partition, whereby the partitionwill clear itself of oil, by centrifugal action, through the port of the piston and the exhaust port of the cylinder.

2. In an internal combustion engine, cooperating members including a cylinder and a piston mounted to reciprocate in the cylinder, the cylinder having intake and `exhaust ports, and the piston being providedwith a port, one of said cooperatingmembers having a circumferential zig-zag guide groove comprising branches, and the other of said cooperating members having a projection slidable inthe groove, the projection and the groove coacting to rotate the piston and to bring the port of the piston into communication with the intake and exhaust portsat different times, as the piston is reciprocated, and back-stop pawls in the branches ofy the groove, and constituting means for directing the projection from one branch of the groove Vinto the other branch thereof.

8,. In an internal combustion engine, a cyliiider, a sleeve piston mounted to reciprocate in the cylinder and provided with a port, -inf yterengaging elements on the piston and on 'exhaust and intake ports are respectively located, the grooves being inclined circumferentially of the cylinder and located at an angle to each other, the port in the piston moving longitudinally of the grooves, in communioation therewith, as the piston reoiproeates and rotates, the cylinder having angular oil collecting grooves located on opposite sides HARRY LEE ADAMS. 

